Grandes corporaciones y formación de capital en la Argentina, 2002-2012

Colaborador

Arceo, Enrique
Schorr, Martín

Spatial Coverage

Temporal Coverage

2002-2012

Idioma

spa

Extent

254 p.

Derechos

info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 2.0 Genérica (CC BY-NC-ND 2.0)

Formato

application/pdf

Cobertura

ARG
2002-2012

Abstract

This research is part of a long tradition in the academic literature aimed at analyzing large companies' accumulation strategy in Argentina. It aims, especially, to analyze one of the key variables -because of its potential effects of economic development: capital formation during the 2002-2012 period.

A simple formulation of the problem is: larger corporations tended to reduce their channeling of surplus into investment, despite increased profitability levels and that they had an expansive macroeconomic scenario, with high consumption levels and growing installed capacity utilization. Therefore one can notice an expansion of the gap between benefits and investment, which we define as a reduced propensity to invest, among corporate leadership, during the "posconvertibilidad”.

Thus, this research has two purposes. The first is to provide empirical evidence to comprehensively address the problem of reduced investment propensity of the country larger companies during the “posconvertibilidad”. Which, it should
be noted, is a novel contribution in this field of knowledge, since although the tendency to invest (or not) of the bourgeoisie in Argentina has been a constant
theme of research, reflection and debate (not only academic), there are no empirical studies that verify investment in large enterprises. This is related, of course, with deficient investment statistics in the national accounts. The inquiries in this direction will allow to improve the complexity of the hypothesis on this problem so important for the economic future of the country.

Hence the second objective of this research points to a more complex and difficult to identify dimension: the structural causes that influenced the phenomenon of low propensity to invest in large companies in the 2002-2012 period. That is: why larger companies, which have appropriate high profits,
chose to invest their capital in other national economies and/or consumed it in non-reproductive circuits. This is precisely the main question that this investigation will try to answer and on which, assuming its complexity, it intends to provide some evidence for reflections about it.

We conclude that demand expansion and profitability effectively failed to drive, in the absence of an accumulation pattern that tends to widen investment options, the development of internal forces so as to redirect great capital's role towards investment. We refer mainly to the largest industrial corporations, since non-industrial activities are either less exposed to international competition (as in the case of non-tradable ones) or based on the exploitation of natural
resources.

In this context, given the high level of foreign participation among top companies, transnational corporations were able to pursue their global strategies without obstacles that could tend to alter them, resulting in a clear widening of the gap between the level of benefits and of investment during
“posconvertibilidad”.

The causes of low propensity to invest among top companies during the Kirchner government period should not be looked for in excessive state intervention, nor institutional weaknesses, nor macroeconomic volatility nor in the historical trend of search of speculative profit. They must be sought for, from the perspective stated here, in the inability of both the ruling bloc as well as that of an alternative social bloc to lead the new accumulation pattern, opening new fields of investment in a highly complex international scenario that tends to relegate local subsidiaries to a passive role in the new international labor division.

Thus, in a global context marked by the intensification of competitive struggle, production internationalization and financialization as prevailing accumulation logic in central countries, transnational corporations, which are predominant
among local corporate leadership, tend to concentrate investments of high technological complexity in central countries, labor-intensive in economies with low wage costs and/or high productivity, and those seeking "market expansion"
in those places where continental productive and export platforms are established. This causes the widening of the gap between profits and investment in Argentina.

Table Of Contents

AGRADECIMIENTOS
INTRODUCCIÓN

CAPÍTULO 1: LOS DETERMINANTES DE LA INVERSIÓN Y SU VINCULACIÓN CON EL PATRÓN DE ACUMULACIÓN
1.1 Notas introductorias sobre los condicionantes estructurales de la inversión y las especificidades latinoamericanas
1.2 Controversias acerca de la elite económica argentina y las restricciones al desarrollo
1.3 Hacia una visión alternativa: inversión y patrón de acumulación
1.4 La formulación de la hipótesis general del trabajo

CAPÍTULO 2: LA ECONOMÍA ARGENTINA EN LA POSCONVERTIBILIDAD Y LA ESTRATEGIA DE ACUMULACIÓN DE LAS GRANDES EMPRESAS
2.1 La economía argentina durante el ciclo de gobiernos kirchneristas y la transición hacia un nuevo patrón de acumulación
2.2 Apuntes sobre la trayectoria de la inversión y los factores locales de su desempeño
2.3 El grado de oligopolización y sus efectos macroeconómicos
2.4 Una aproximación general a la reducida propensión a invertir en las grandes empresas
2.5 El nivel de rentabilidad de las grandes empresas y su comparación internacional
2.6 El principal destino del excedente: la salida de capitales al exterior

CAPÍTULO 3: LAS FRACCIONES DEL CAPITAL DOMINANTE QUE DESPLIEGAN UNA BAJA PROPENSIÓN INVERSORA
3.1 El proceso de reindustrialización acotada y sus límites estructurales
3.2 Desempeño sectorial de la cúpula empresaria: el papel decisivo de las firmas industriales en la reducción de la inversión
3.3 La hipótesis de la formación oligopólica de precios industriales como sostén del nivel de concentración industrial
3.4 Dinámica de la inversión extranjera directa y destino del excedente
3.5 Transnacionalización del poder económico y su vinculación con la baja propensión inversora

CAPÍTULO 4: APUNTES SOBRE LOS EFECTOS DEL MODO DE ACUMULACIÓN MUNDIAL EN LA DINÁMICA DE LA INVERSIÓN ARGENTINA
4.1 Breves referencias a los antecedentes del debate sobre la incidencia de los propietarios y poseedores de capital en la estrategia empresaria
4.2 Aspectos generales de la financiarización y sus efectos en la inversión
4.3 La deslocalización de los procesos productivos y el incremento y reconfiguración de la inversión extranjera directa
4. 4 Implicancias de la financiarización y deslocalización en el desempeño de la inversión argentina en perspectiva comparada

SÍNTESIS Y REFLEXIONES FINALES
ANEXO METODOLÓGICO
BIBLIOGRAFÍA CITADA

Título obtenido

Doctor de la Universidad de Buenos Aires en Ciencias Sociales

Institución otorgante

Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales

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