Tendencia en el debate contemporáneo del trabajo social argentino : la influencia del racionalismo formal-abstracto y del irracionalismo en las concepciones teórico-metodológicas sobre la intervención profesional

Colaborador

Costa, Gilmaisa Macedo da
Mallardi, Manuel W.

Spatial Coverage

Idioma

spa

Extent

380 p.

Derechos

info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 2.0 Genérica (CC BY-NC-ND 2.0)

Formato

application/pdf

Cobertura

ARG

Abstract

This PhD thesis deals with the study of the influence of irrationalism and the formalabstract rationality concerning the contemporary discussion of the Argentine Social Work during 1994-2011. The temporary period proposed is because during those years it emerges a greater dialogue and exchange between the Social Work and the various perspectives of the social sciences and/or the social theory, thus ascending a theoretical corpus shaped as a post-degree thesis, books and magazines which not only contribute to the profession but also to the social theory, overcoming those reflections linked to the professional practice and its systematization.

However, the study of the Social Work contemporary discussion does not limit to deal with the theories and reflections being performed by the authors within its framework; instead, it represents the analysis of the mediations existing between the current corporate changes and the ethical, political and theoretical answers set up by the profession, as it is admitted that there are no lineal or monocausal relationships between each other, but a profuse exchange and dialog. By paraphrasing Marx and Lukács, it would represent the selective dialectic game occurring from the books (theory) to reality and from reality to the books (theory).

Therefore, such discussion occurs within the framework of the late capitalism setting and the late-bourgeois society, which incorporates a number of macrostructural changes linked to the capital´s productive restructuring process, affecting the reproduction and production pattern of the human sociability.

In other words, the thesis intends to capture the dialectical relationship between the current corporate changes and the answers configured by the irrationalism in its most contemporary expression, the postmodern field, and the formal-abstract rationality, expressed by the systemic-gestalt thought. They are studied under the frame of the social function performed by science in the capitalist sociability and its relationship with the corporate dynamics, where the existence of a progressive phase of the bourgeoisie as social class stands up, which enables a form of science and philosophy based on humanism, historicism and the dialectical reason, on the one hand, and another one, which appears in 1848, where bourgeoisie becomes the ruling class of the capitalist sociability and begins to assure the status quo, which changes the place of science and philosophy, thu giving rise to the “ideological decadence of the bourgeois thought” which will have two expressions: the irrationalism and the formal-abstract rationality. In this sense, the relationship between the irrationalism and the formal-abstract rationality is approached, as well as some historical aspects and their basis decisions, and how they are contemporarily expressed and revealed.

Thus, the study of the influence of irrationalism and formal-abstract rationality within the Social Work contemporary discussion particularly focused on how such trends had an impact in the way of conceiving the professional intervention of the social workers.

For such purpose, it was previously required to elucidate the Social Work´s nature and which are the peculiarities achieved by the intervention processes. Thereby, Lukács´ work showed significant contributions to analyze the work as a founding category of the social being and how, from there on, it emerges an ascending dynamics enabling the man to progressively transform the natural materiality. So, the work, for Marx and Lukács, refers to the exchange of man with nature which brings about a reproduction and production process, based on the “regression of the natural barriers” and the development of the productive forces, that enables the emergence of other social praxis forms which aim to act upon the teleological positions and practices of other individuals.

This enabled to analyze Social Work as part of such other modalities of social praxis, as a social complex aiming to secondary teleological positions due to the materiality on which it intervenes: social relationships and not nature. This first aspect would question those notions which have considered Social Work as a working process, where work is homologated with those other social praxis modalities. Along with it, there exists another element which makes the profession peculiar: the social function it performs in the work technical and social division. In other words, Lukács points out the mediation between the secondary teleological positions, those other social praxis modalities and the category known as ideology, which has a broad conception, enabling to turn the human actions conscious and operative, and another one restricted, by becoming an instrument for the class struggle and the social conflicts.

Therefore, Social Work is an ideological social complex, whose predominance relates to the restricted conception of ideology, and whose social function consists on intervening over the consciousness and practice of large segments of population, from those social problems deriving from the “social issue”.

Finally, after elucidating the social function and the materiality upon which Social Work operates, some of the essential aspects of the secondary teleological positions included in the professional intervention were analyzed, related to the social-institutional decision, the popular sub-determinant and the political-ethical issue, and how such decisions are linked to the purpose, the media and the reflection, as universal categories of every social praxis. These last categories will be the ones which will guide and address the process of analysis and review of such theoretical proposals from those authors linked to postmodern field and to the systemic-gestalt thought within Social Work.

Table Of Contents

Agradecimientos
Introducción

PRIMERA PARTE
FUNDAMENTOS ONTOLÓGICOS DEL TRABAJO SOCIAL: TRABAJO, COMPLEJOS SOCIALES IDEOLÓGICOS Y PROCESOS DE INTERVENCIÓN PROFESIONAL

CAPÍTULO I
LA SOCIABILIDAD HUMANA Y EL PROCESO DE PRODUCCIÓN Y REPRODUCCIÓN SOCIAL
1. La categoría trabajo como complejo fundante del ser social
1.1 El trabajo como modelo de toda praxis social
2. La reproducción: sociabilidad humana y complejos sociales
2.1 Aspectos generales de la reproducción social
2.2 Aspectos históricos de la sociabilidad humana: el género humano en sí y para sí
2.3 Trabajo alienado y fetichismo de la mercancía: el género humano en un nuevo estadio en sí

CAPÍTULO II
LA NATURALEZA DEL TRABAJO SOCIAL: COMPLEJOS SOCIALES IDEOLÓGICOS Y PROCESOS DE INTERVENCIÓN PROFESIONAL
1. La ideología como categoría ontológica esencial a la vida humana
1.1 Bases ontológicas de la ideología: las posiciones teleológicas primarias y secundarias
1.2 La ideología como función social
1.3 Los complejos sociales ideológicos: formas restrictas y puras de ideología
2. La naturaleza del Trabajo Social: trabajo, complejos sociales y posiciones teleológicas
2.1 Trabajo Social y división social y técnica del trabajo: ¿trabajo o complejo social ideológico?
2.2 Posición teleológica secundaria y Trabajo Social: determinaciones esenciales de los procesos de intervención profesional

SEGUNDA PARTE
LA INFLUENCIA DEL IRRACIONALISMO Y LA RACIONALIDAD FORMAL-ABSTRACTA EN EL DEBATE CONTEMPORÁNEO DEL TRABAJO SOCIAL

CAPÍTULO III
LA DECADENCIA IDEOLÓGICA DEL PENSAMIENTO BURGUÉS: EL IRRACIONALISMO Y LA RACIONALIDAD FORMAL-ABSTRACTA
1. La génesis de la ciencia como complejo social y su función en la sociabilidad capitalista
2. La decadencia ideológica de la burguesía: irracionalismo y racionalidad formalabstracta
3. Capitalismo tardío y régimen de acumulación flexible

CAPÍTULO IV
LA INFLUENCIA DEL CAMPO POSMODERNO EN EL TRABAJO SOCIAL CONTEMPORÁNEO
1. Posmodernismo y capitalismo tardío: transformaciones socio-culturales en la sociabilidad capitalista
1.1 La posmodernidad como lógica cultural del capitalismo tardío
2. Campo posmoderno y ciencias sociales
2.1 Protoformas del campo posmoderno en las ciencias sociales
2.2 El campo posmoderno en las ciencias sociales: posmodernidad de celebración y de oposición
3. Campo posmoderno y Trabajo Social: implicancias en los procesos de intervención profesiona
3.1 Entre Foucault y la posmodernidad: consideraciones críticas a los aportes de Carballeda en su concepción de intervención profesional
3.2 Significaciones imaginarias y psique: la autonomía y la finalidad de la intervención según Malacalza

CAPÍTULO V
LA RACIONALIDAD FORMAL-ABSTRACTA Y TRABAJO SOCIAL: EL FUNCIONALISMO SISTÉMICO Y LA GESTALT
1. La trayectoria del funcionalismo-sistémico y su articulación con la Gestalt-terapia
2. Trabajo Social y pensamiento funcionalista-sistémico: análisis de sus implicancias en la intervención profesional

Consideraciones finales
Bibliografía
Anexos
Anexo I: unidades de análisis
Anexo II: guía de preguntas disparadoras para la entrevista

Título obtenido

Doctor de la Universidad de Buenos Aires en Ciencias Sociales

Institución otorgante

Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales

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