Autor/es
Descripción
ver mas
Colaborador
De Sena, Angélica
Materias
Spatial Coverage
Temporal Coverage
2013-2019
Idioma
spa
Extent
266 p.
Derechos
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 2.0 Genérica (CC BY-NC-ND 2.0)
Formato
application/pdf
Identificador
Cobertura
7593303
Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires (autonomus city)
2013-2019
Abstract
This thesis is based on a research on two approaches to the “social issue” in the form of consumer incentives: on the one hand, Conditional Cash Transfer Programs (CCT) and, on the other, consumer loans. It starts from identifying the connections between social policies and financial capital in terms of its systemic and compensatory function, by forming one of the central nodes on which the expansion of current capitalism is based.
The general objective is to explore the structure of emotions that are configured in CCT recipients who take consumer loans in Buenos Aires City (2013-2019). In this way, it investigates the ways in which Porteña Citizenship, Social Ticket, the Universal Allowance for Child and the Universal Allowance for Pregnancy structure in their recipient’s particular emotions linked to consumption from obtaining a credit. The specific objectives are: a) Characterize Buenos Aires's CCT between 2013 and 2019; b) To investigate the existing links between the bankarization of social policies and consumer loans; c) Identify the consumer practices of CCT recipients that lead to the demand for credits; and d) Analyze the emotions that are established in relation to demanding and obtaining a consumer loan as a recipient of CCT.
Some of the questions that guide this inquiry are: How is the implementation of the programs under study in Buenos Aires? What is the relationship between the bankarization of social policies and the expansion of consumer credit? What type of credits do the CCT recipient’s access? What are the emotions that are structured around being an assisted subject, consumer and debtor?
This thesis tries to encourage a contribution in three directions: 1. The crosses between a sociological approach to social policies and the sociology of emotions; 2. The study of the CCT implementation in Buenos Aires; and 3. The relationships between CCTs and consumer loans.
Within the framework of the consolidation of a new logic of social policies based mainly on the incentive to consumption, the CCT (Valencia Lomelí, 2008; Sojo, 2007; MacAuslan and Riemenschneider, 2011) were positioned as star programs in fighting against poverty, granting relatively low amounts (Villatoro, 2008; Fiszbein and Shady, 2009; World Bank, 2015) in exchange for compliance with certain conditions. Designed, promoted, and in many cases financed, by multilateral credit organizations, they reached a huge population at the national and global level (De Sena, 2011, 2018). In addition, they showed strong results as policies to promote consumption (Rawlings and Rubio, 2003; Agis, Cañete and Panigo, 2010). Along these lines, arguments emerge that promote financial inclusion as a tool for social inclusion, based on the bankarization of the granting of transfers (Neffa, 2009; Maldonado et al, 2011; Visa, 2012; IDB, 2017).
All these factors contribute to connecting CCT recipients with the market and, particularly, with consumer loans (Levinas, 2013; Wilkis, 2013; Wilkis and Hornes, 2017; Gago, 2015). In addition to this, in mid-2017 a line of consumer credits for CCT recipients was created in Argentina from the National Social Security Administration (ANSES) - initially called the ARGENTA Card, later called ANSES credits - as an extension of pre-existing credits to retirees and pensioners. Thus, consumer loans are installed as a new form of social policy (SIEMPRO, 2018).
Therefore, this thesis is framed in the current discussions on credits as a form of social policy, consumption linked to CCT and the sociology of emotions. The contribution that is sought to be made, based on the study of social emotions around consumption mediated by credit in subjects receiving social programs, involves investigating the ways in which domination structures based on social security are internalized and embodied in creditor-debtor logic.
To achieve the proposed objectives, the methodological strategy is qualitative based on primary and secondary data. The first ones, created from semi-structured interviews carried out with key informants: a) who are involved in the management of the aforementioned PTCI; b) granting consumer credit within the formal sector; c) subjects who live in Buenos Aires, receive CCT and access some credit for consumption; ensuring that the information obtained produces a theoretical saturation, understood as maximum heterogeneity and maximum homogeneity (Piovani, 2007). However, given the complexities of accessing representatives of the informal consumer credit sector and the methodological difficulties of approaching this sector, the following strategy was included: a) documentary analysis, through the study of state of art and academic productions that analyze and describe the programs under study; b) the non-participant observation, where advertising brochures of informal consumer loans offered on the public thoroughfare of Buenos Aires were compiled for analysis; and c) virtual ethnography (Hine, 2011) by studying virtual Facebook groups made up of CCT recipients and advertising from financial entities, ANSES and banks, in order to address the demand and supply of consumer loans, respectively. Each of these elements served to assemble the puzzle that allowed an approach and a greater understanding of the phenomenon under study.
The general objective is to explore the structure of emotions that are configured in CCT recipients who take consumer loans in Buenos Aires City (2013-2019). In this way, it investigates the ways in which Porteña Citizenship, Social Ticket, the Universal Allowance for Child and the Universal Allowance for Pregnancy structure in their recipient’s particular emotions linked to consumption from obtaining a credit. The specific objectives are: a) Characterize Buenos Aires's CCT between 2013 and 2019; b) To investigate the existing links between the bankarization of social policies and consumer loans; c) Identify the consumer practices of CCT recipients that lead to the demand for credits; and d) Analyze the emotions that are established in relation to demanding and obtaining a consumer loan as a recipient of CCT.
Some of the questions that guide this inquiry are: How is the implementation of the programs under study in Buenos Aires? What is the relationship between the bankarization of social policies and the expansion of consumer credit? What type of credits do the CCT recipient’s access? What are the emotions that are structured around being an assisted subject, consumer and debtor?
This thesis tries to encourage a contribution in three directions: 1. The crosses between a sociological approach to social policies and the sociology of emotions; 2. The study of the CCT implementation in Buenos Aires; and 3. The relationships between CCTs and consumer loans.
Within the framework of the consolidation of a new logic of social policies based mainly on the incentive to consumption, the CCT (Valencia Lomelí, 2008; Sojo, 2007; MacAuslan and Riemenschneider, 2011) were positioned as star programs in fighting against poverty, granting relatively low amounts (Villatoro, 2008; Fiszbein and Shady, 2009; World Bank, 2015) in exchange for compliance with certain conditions. Designed, promoted, and in many cases financed, by multilateral credit organizations, they reached a huge population at the national and global level (De Sena, 2011, 2018). In addition, they showed strong results as policies to promote consumption (Rawlings and Rubio, 2003; Agis, Cañete and Panigo, 2010). Along these lines, arguments emerge that promote financial inclusion as a tool for social inclusion, based on the bankarization of the granting of transfers (Neffa, 2009; Maldonado et al, 2011; Visa, 2012; IDB, 2017).
All these factors contribute to connecting CCT recipients with the market and, particularly, with consumer loans (Levinas, 2013; Wilkis, 2013; Wilkis and Hornes, 2017; Gago, 2015). In addition to this, in mid-2017 a line of consumer credits for CCT recipients was created in Argentina from the National Social Security Administration (ANSES) - initially called the ARGENTA Card, later called ANSES credits - as an extension of pre-existing credits to retirees and pensioners. Thus, consumer loans are installed as a new form of social policy (SIEMPRO, 2018).
Therefore, this thesis is framed in the current discussions on credits as a form of social policy, consumption linked to CCT and the sociology of emotions. The contribution that is sought to be made, based on the study of social emotions around consumption mediated by credit in subjects receiving social programs, involves investigating the ways in which domination structures based on social security are internalized and embodied in creditor-debtor logic.
To achieve the proposed objectives, the methodological strategy is qualitative based on primary and secondary data. The first ones, created from semi-structured interviews carried out with key informants: a) who are involved in the management of the aforementioned PTCI; b) granting consumer credit within the formal sector; c) subjects who live in Buenos Aires, receive CCT and access some credit for consumption; ensuring that the information obtained produces a theoretical saturation, understood as maximum heterogeneity and maximum homogeneity (Piovani, 2007). However, given the complexities of accessing representatives of the informal consumer credit sector and the methodological difficulties of approaching this sector, the following strategy was included: a) documentary analysis, through the study of state of art and academic productions that analyze and describe the programs under study; b) the non-participant observation, where advertising brochures of informal consumer loans offered on the public thoroughfare of Buenos Aires were compiled for analysis; and c) virtual ethnography (Hine, 2011) by studying virtual Facebook groups made up of CCT recipients and advertising from financial entities, ANSES and banks, in order to address the demand and supply of consumer loans, respectively. Each of these elements served to assemble the puzzle that allowed an approach and a greater understanding of the phenomenon under study.
Título obtenido
Doctora de la Universidad de Buenos Aires en Ciencias Sociales
Institución otorgante
Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales