Autor/es
Descripción
ver mas
Colaborador
Salvia, Agustín
Materias
Spatial Coverage
Temporal Coverage
1992-2010
Idioma
spa
Extent
230 p.
Derechos
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 2.0 Genérica (CC BY-NC-ND 2.0)
Formato
application/pdf
Identificador
Cobertura
ARG
1992-2010
Abstract
This research aims to examine the heterogeneous conditions that might have affected the employment structure through different development styles (1992-2010). It also intends to analyze the impact of changes in structural heterogeneity on the labor market and the family distribution of employment-related income.
One of the core propositions of the research is that economic inequality results from the heterogeneity existing in the economic and occupational structure in an unequal and combined underdevelopment model. Thus, this thesis provides evidence supporting the proposition that structural heterogeneity is a permanent characteristic of Argentina.
The existing levels of inequality in Latin America, especially in Argentina in this case, would be related to a development model that creates excess labor force and in which there are large poor sectors under unregistered employment conditions, which do not benefit from the economic ―spillover‖. At the same time, the development model concentrates greater welfare capacities in employment sectors related to globalized formal markets, more concentrated and dynamic. From this point of view, the existing level of economic inequality is an indicator of a greater polarization and segmentation in terms of economic and labor-related insertion of households as a structural effect of the accumulation and social reproduction process.
The socioeconomic marginalization in Argentina is a structural matrix of the social system, with poor integration into a development model. In this sense, the hypothesis is that, although policies implemented in the current growth phase in Argentina have been favorable in terms of employment creation as a result of the accumulation dynamics—more industrialized and oriented to both the domestic and the international market—these processes do not show, at least for the time being, a structural change in connection with a decreased heterogeneity affecting the economic-occupational system. That is to say, despite the improvement demonstrated by the economic, social and occupational variables in the last decade, a more in-depth view of the employment structure evolution and the labor market seems to indicate there is a persistent structural and social-occupational inequality.
Based on the proposed research question, the following dimensions will be studied for the ―Argentine scenario‖: (a) conditions of the economic-occupational structure, making a distinction between sectors and insertion categories with differentiated productivity levels, (b) the way the labor market operates and employment segmentation, analyzed considering the different types of employment regulation, (c) the social reproduction dynamics, emphasizing changes that, based on family strategies, occur in the occupational structure and the labor market organization, and (d) the distribution pattern of labor-related income in households as a result of the structural conditions of the production system and the social system of accumulation.
In line with the studies conducted within the Structural Change and Social Inequality Program, directed by Agustín Salvia, at the Instituto de Investigaciones Gino Germani institute (School of Social Sciences [FSOC], University of Buenos Aires [UBA]) and Observatorio de la Deuda Social (UCA university), this research intends to assess the changes in economic inequality between 1992 and 2010, considering the transformations occurred in the socioeconomic structure.
The source of data for this research is the household survey known as Encuesta Permanente de Hogares (EPH), by the National Institute for Statistics and Censuses (INDEC). For reasons related to the reliability of the information, databases from the Greater Buenos Aires (GBA) were processed for a number of years selected from the 1992-2010 period. Based on the information collected, the changes that occurred in the economic-occupational structure, the labor market and the volume of employment-related income are analyzed, making a distinction in terms of sector and insertion category. Furthermore, the contribution from each sector and occupational category to the variation of Gini coefficient of inequality is decomposed. This analysis describes robust associations of the particular role that different sectors and economic-occupational categories have had as factors that account for the changes in family distribution of employment-related income.
One of the core propositions of the research is that economic inequality results from the heterogeneity existing in the economic and occupational structure in an unequal and combined underdevelopment model. Thus, this thesis provides evidence supporting the proposition that structural heterogeneity is a permanent characteristic of Argentina.
The existing levels of inequality in Latin America, especially in Argentina in this case, would be related to a development model that creates excess labor force and in which there are large poor sectors under unregistered employment conditions, which do not benefit from the economic ―spillover‖. At the same time, the development model concentrates greater welfare capacities in employment sectors related to globalized formal markets, more concentrated and dynamic. From this point of view, the existing level of economic inequality is an indicator of a greater polarization and segmentation in terms of economic and labor-related insertion of households as a structural effect of the accumulation and social reproduction process.
The socioeconomic marginalization in Argentina is a structural matrix of the social system, with poor integration into a development model. In this sense, the hypothesis is that, although policies implemented in the current growth phase in Argentina have been favorable in terms of employment creation as a result of the accumulation dynamics—more industrialized and oriented to both the domestic and the international market—these processes do not show, at least for the time being, a structural change in connection with a decreased heterogeneity affecting the economic-occupational system. That is to say, despite the improvement demonstrated by the economic, social and occupational variables in the last decade, a more in-depth view of the employment structure evolution and the labor market seems to indicate there is a persistent structural and social-occupational inequality.
Based on the proposed research question, the following dimensions will be studied for the ―Argentine scenario‖: (a) conditions of the economic-occupational structure, making a distinction between sectors and insertion categories with differentiated productivity levels, (b) the way the labor market operates and employment segmentation, analyzed considering the different types of employment regulation, (c) the social reproduction dynamics, emphasizing changes that, based on family strategies, occur in the occupational structure and the labor market organization, and (d) the distribution pattern of labor-related income in households as a result of the structural conditions of the production system and the social system of accumulation.
In line with the studies conducted within the Structural Change and Social Inequality Program, directed by Agustín Salvia, at the Instituto de Investigaciones Gino Germani institute (School of Social Sciences [FSOC], University of Buenos Aires [UBA]) and Observatorio de la Deuda Social (UCA university), this research intends to assess the changes in economic inequality between 1992 and 2010, considering the transformations occurred in the socioeconomic structure.
The source of data for this research is the household survey known as Encuesta Permanente de Hogares (EPH), by the National Institute for Statistics and Censuses (INDEC). For reasons related to the reliability of the information, databases from the Greater Buenos Aires (GBA) were processed for a number of years selected from the 1992-2010 period. Based on the information collected, the changes that occurred in the economic-occupational structure, the labor market and the volume of employment-related income are analyzed, making a distinction in terms of sector and insertion category. Furthermore, the contribution from each sector and occupational category to the variation of Gini coefficient of inequality is decomposed. This analysis describes robust associations of the particular role that different sectors and economic-occupational categories have had as factors that account for the changes in family distribution of employment-related income.
Título obtenido
Doctora de la Universidad de Buenos Aires en Ciencias Sociales
Institución otorgante
Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales