Autor/es
Descripción
ver mas
Colaborador
Di Virgilio, María Mercedes
Materias
Spatial Coverage
Temporal Coverage
1976-1983
Idioma
spa
Extent
364 p.
Derechos
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 2.0 Genérica (CC BY-NC-ND 2.0)
Formato
application/pdf
Identificador
Cobertura
7593303
Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires (autonomous city)
1976-1983
Abstract
Throughout this thesis we approach authoritarian urban policies that were implemented in segregated spaces of Buenos Aires city by Argentina’s latest military dictatorship. Within that frame of reference, we focus on the relationships established between the experiences of the target group of such policies and, particularly, in the processes whereby living spaces were appropriated by the residents of Soldati Urban Housing Unit (Es.:“Conjunto Habitacional Soldati”), deepening in the exercise of individual and collective memory about the mentioned environment and subject.
The last military dictatorship applied specific urban policies tending to reorganize Buenos Aires city towards a residential use, and to displace popular segments of society (Ozlak 1991). We address a specific segregation process that took place in Buenos Aires city, by which a neighbors’ group was included in the Shanty Town Eradication Plan. They were evicted and relocated in a large urban housing unit in Soldati neighborhood in order to construct 9 de Julio Speedway. During those years, the dumping ground in Soldati neighborhood was eliminated, and was replaced by the growth of green spaces - a process that helped to consolidate the modernization of the city. In this sense, the authoritarian intervention component over the relocated population - in a pre-dictatorial and dictatorial context - raises as an element of analysis in this work.
Therefore, we describe the main urban policies to approach the informal housing situation and the symbolic construction made on inhabitants of shanty towns. We relate these suburban housings to the historic context beginning in the 50s, which would acquire specific features during the years previous to 1976’s coup d’état, a period in which we highlight disputes for urban order.
Furthermore, we make a thorough description of the mentioned urban housing considering the tension between construction typology and modality, and how neighbors would perceive their new houses. Bringing those considerations into light, we analyze the conditions of Soldati housing unit after more than 30 years of its construction, also taking into account the consequences of socioeconomic processes that affected the territory.
Moreover, we study in depth the processes of individual and collective memory on the relocation experience in a dictatorial context that affected the neighborhood environment and everyday life of its inhabitants. This thread of investigation originates in the consideration of collective memories as dynamic constructions - bound to actors and social contexts - that confer sense to the past. Consequently, the dispute over ways of public expression of versions of the recent past turns into an unavoidable element of analysis.
The adopted methodological strategy allows rebuilding the scheme of senses and practices of relocated individuals. The data collecting techniques were mainly: in-depth interviews, participant observation, and document analysis.
As a result, we have organized the thesis conclusions into four matters:
1) The link existing between the population group inhabiting central spaces of the city that was relocated in Soldati Housing Unit, and the resolution of the dispute for urban order in that particular historical context.
2) The spatial dimension influence on communitarian life. The connection between the urban unit housing arrangement – their legal and architectural specifications –, and its inhabitant’s practices.
3) The current situation of Soldati neighborhood. We have pointed out the fact that the process of segregation under analysis has resulted in the disintegration of social nets and the loss of strategic spaces for its inhabitants, with a corresponding loss at a symbolic level.
4) The past- present dynamic shown in the expression of collective memory about the experience of shanty town eradication and relocation of individuals. The categorization of these memories into “underground” or “marginal”, when compared to more “legitimized” memoires and stories about military dictatorship.
The last military dictatorship applied specific urban policies tending to reorganize Buenos Aires city towards a residential use, and to displace popular segments of society (Ozlak 1991). We address a specific segregation process that took place in Buenos Aires city, by which a neighbors’ group was included in the Shanty Town Eradication Plan. They were evicted and relocated in a large urban housing unit in Soldati neighborhood in order to construct 9 de Julio Speedway. During those years, the dumping ground in Soldati neighborhood was eliminated, and was replaced by the growth of green spaces - a process that helped to consolidate the modernization of the city. In this sense, the authoritarian intervention component over the relocated population - in a pre-dictatorial and dictatorial context - raises as an element of analysis in this work.
Therefore, we describe the main urban policies to approach the informal housing situation and the symbolic construction made on inhabitants of shanty towns. We relate these suburban housings to the historic context beginning in the 50s, which would acquire specific features during the years previous to 1976’s coup d’état, a period in which we highlight disputes for urban order.
Furthermore, we make a thorough description of the mentioned urban housing considering the tension between construction typology and modality, and how neighbors would perceive their new houses. Bringing those considerations into light, we analyze the conditions of Soldati housing unit after more than 30 years of its construction, also taking into account the consequences of socioeconomic processes that affected the territory.
Moreover, we study in depth the processes of individual and collective memory on the relocation experience in a dictatorial context that affected the neighborhood environment and everyday life of its inhabitants. This thread of investigation originates in the consideration of collective memories as dynamic constructions - bound to actors and social contexts - that confer sense to the past. Consequently, the dispute over ways of public expression of versions of the recent past turns into an unavoidable element of analysis.
The adopted methodological strategy allows rebuilding the scheme of senses and practices of relocated individuals. The data collecting techniques were mainly: in-depth interviews, participant observation, and document analysis.
As a result, we have organized the thesis conclusions into four matters:
1) The link existing between the population group inhabiting central spaces of the city that was relocated in Soldati Housing Unit, and the resolution of the dispute for urban order in that particular historical context.
2) The spatial dimension influence on communitarian life. The connection between the urban unit housing arrangement – their legal and architectural specifications –, and its inhabitant’s practices.
3) The current situation of Soldati neighborhood. We have pointed out the fact that the process of segregation under analysis has resulted in the disintegration of social nets and the loss of strategic spaces for its inhabitants, with a corresponding loss at a symbolic level.
4) The past- present dynamic shown in the expression of collective memory about the experience of shanty town eradication and relocation of individuals. The categorization of these memories into “underground” or “marginal”, when compared to more “legitimized” memoires and stories about military dictatorship.
Título obtenido
Doctora de la Universidad de Buenos Aires en Ciencias Sociales
Institución otorgante
Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales