Autor/es
Descripción
ver mas
Colaborador
Pérez, Pablo Ernesto
Spatial Coverage
Temporal Coverage
2008-2011
Idioma
spa
Extent
180 p.
Derechos
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 2.0 Genérica (CC BY-NC-ND 2.0)
Formato
application/pdf
Identificador
Cobertura
ARG
2008-2011
Abstract
The main objective of this thesis is to analyze the characteristics of employment in Argentina in the period 2008-2011 considering their heterogeneity and the relationship of it with the dynamics of accumulation. The questions guiding the research are: What are the conditions of employment that are relevant to define labor heterogeneity in Argentina? What sectors create what kind of job? How are sectors that offer different employment conditions interlinked? How do the productivity level, the degree of openness and the average size of establishment affect the employment conditions offered?
Those studies addressing employment heterogeneity relate this feature to the coexistence of modern and outdated productive sectors, that is, to structural heterogeneity. In these studies, the scale of production, as a proxy for productivity, is one of the main features to understand this heterogeneity. However, this perspective makes the connections among the different productive sectors invisible, hence other approaches focus their analyses on the integration among them to explain the characteristics of the jobs offered. Thus, in this thesis I distinguish, on the one hand, those explanations which consider that outdated sectors produce with some autonomy from the rest of the economy, and on the other, those who find in their integration the key to understanding the heterogeneity of jobs. The research evaluates such explanations, analyzing the differences in the conditions of employment considering the characteristics of the productive sectors and the relationships among them.
This thesis is a first step in the research and it is based on the construction of a typology of employment by sector. The approach is quantitative and is based on data from the Encuesta Permanente de Hogares (Permanent Household Survey). The relevant dimensions to analyze the heterogeneity of employment positions are identified by principal component analysis, and from them a map of industries is drawn through classification analysis. Four segments are well identified under the terms of average employment industries: i. High volatility and infringement of labour rights; ii. Infringement of labour rights, low-skilled and low wages; iii. Flexible working time and high salaries; iv. Higher wages, stability and fulfillment of labour rights.
The characterization of the industries included in each segment shows elements linked to the approaches of autonomy, as well as to others related to integration approaches. I conclude that the scale of production is highly relevant for understanding differences in job quality among segments, but not enough to explain them. The analysis of productive linkages among industries shows that the strongest relationships are among branches of the same segment, but there are significant relationships among branches of different segments. I present some evidence supporting the arguments of autonomy among segments but also other elements that are consistent with the arguments of integration. These results provide interesting nuances to the theoretical discussion in which the thesis is framed, and onto new questions to further develop this research.
Those studies addressing employment heterogeneity relate this feature to the coexistence of modern and outdated productive sectors, that is, to structural heterogeneity. In these studies, the scale of production, as a proxy for productivity, is one of the main features to understand this heterogeneity. However, this perspective makes the connections among the different productive sectors invisible, hence other approaches focus their analyses on the integration among them to explain the characteristics of the jobs offered. Thus, in this thesis I distinguish, on the one hand, those explanations which consider that outdated sectors produce with some autonomy from the rest of the economy, and on the other, those who find in their integration the key to understanding the heterogeneity of jobs. The research evaluates such explanations, analyzing the differences in the conditions of employment considering the characteristics of the productive sectors and the relationships among them.
This thesis is a first step in the research and it is based on the construction of a typology of employment by sector. The approach is quantitative and is based on data from the Encuesta Permanente de Hogares (Permanent Household Survey). The relevant dimensions to analyze the heterogeneity of employment positions are identified by principal component analysis, and from them a map of industries is drawn through classification analysis. Four segments are well identified under the terms of average employment industries: i. High volatility and infringement of labour rights; ii. Infringement of labour rights, low-skilled and low wages; iii. Flexible working time and high salaries; iv. Higher wages, stability and fulfillment of labour rights.
The characterization of the industries included in each segment shows elements linked to the approaches of autonomy, as well as to others related to integration approaches. I conclude that the scale of production is highly relevant for understanding differences in job quality among segments, but not enough to explain them. The analysis of productive linkages among industries shows that the strongest relationships are among branches of the same segment, but there are significant relationships among branches of different segments. I present some evidence supporting the arguments of autonomy among segments but also other elements that are consistent with the arguments of integration. These results provide interesting nuances to the theoretical discussion in which the thesis is framed, and onto new questions to further develop this research.
Título obtenido
Magister de la Universidad de Buenos Aires en Ciencias Sociales del Trabajo
Institución otorgante
Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales