Autor/es
Descripción
ver mas
Colaborador
Salvia, Agustín
Vera, Julieta
Materias
Spatial Coverage
Temporal Coverage
2004-2017
Idioma
spa
Extent
278 p.
Derechos
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 2.0 Genérica (CC BY-NC-ND 2.0)
Formato
application/pdf
Identificador
Cobertura
ARG
2004-2017
Abstract
The present investigation is part of a key theme of the discussion in research on development in Latin America: the relationship between growth, poverty and inequality, focusing on the young population. It is based on the Latin American structuralist theoretical postulates, who thought and debated about development strategies, which even making important advances in relation to economic growth left large population surpluses out.
The analytical cut is specifically on the population segment of young people considering that their conditions of vulnerability are mainly associated with the structural composition of the productive structure, together with the deterioration of labor institutions and the erosion of state regulatory capacities. Young people, being those who play the leading role in entering productive life, are the first affected by the deterioration of employment conditions. It will be based on studies that rely on explanations from the demand of the workforce, articulating with the characteristics of the supply such as age, sex, educational level; contributing to this perspective, the analysis of the precariousness of their jobs from the approach of structural heterogeneity.
In addition to what has already been said regarding the specificity of labor problems within the youth segment, it is added how these problems are, in turn, crossed by the gender issue, worsening the situation even more in the case of women. In other words, as a specific group, women are not only affected by their youth status, but also by the fact that they are discriminated against in the labor market. In the field of work studies in particular, youth is often thought of as a sexless category, with little research intertwining the study of youth and gender. This study tries to contemplate these situations especially for young women and in relation to the quality of the positions to which they have the opportunity to access, incipiently testing the gender approach behind the analysis by sex.
The investigation question aims to unravel how the occupational economic structure distributes differential opportunities for labor insertion within the young group in Argentina, and how the economic-occupational and institutional political changes of recent decades impacted - not affecting or altering - on said occupational economic structure, taking into account the process of segmentation and precariousness of the labor market. What are the changes recorded by the job placement of Argentine youth in the period 2004-2017? How does the occupational economic structure distribute differential quality opportunities in the job placement of young people? What is the impact of the economic-occupational and institutional political changes of the last decades on this structure with respect to the evolution in the conditions of vulnerability of young people? What forms do labor relations take, as a sectorial insertion in the case of the young labor force during each stage of the period in question, in relation to the quality of their insertions? Did this link have any changes during this period? What role do gender inequalities play in these relationships? What is the contribution of thinking about gender differences in an already unequal distribution of opportunities in the working conditions of young people, with their modifications in time and context, and the changing relationships between sector and educational level in relation to the quality of the jobs for this group?
Taking into account the changes in economic and political matters that crossed the Argentine labor market throughout the period, particularly considering the impact on the labor insertions of Argentine youth, the working hypothesis that guides this study will hold that the Young people were not sufficiently reached by the improvements registered in labor matters during this last decade and a half. Although macroeconomic growth and numerous progressive measures in social, educational and labor policies can be observed, within the young population, and especially for women, a deep process of segmentation of the sectorial structure of employment persists and reproduces. produces different job opportunities for this group.
The explanatory role of educational capital should be put into discussion, because it is a debate that continues in the reflections on young people, who go through a particular moment in the life cycle in relation to the link between education and work. It will be discussed with the arguments that prioritize educational capital, the school and professional skills necessary to enter the labor market over the mechanisms of socio-economic differentiation, as well as those that suggest measures to promote youth employment policies that have not arrived. to improve the integration of young people who most require such compensation.
The thesis confirms a strong association between the type of labor insertion that is accessed in terms of quality, and the activity sector, both in cycles of occupational retraction and in periods of increased aggregate demand for employment, with its correlation in real wages. New evidence is provided regarding the link between education and work, of value to think about the social inclusion of young people, focusing on the importance of the occupational economic sectors but especially on the differential quality of the positions they offer. It is confirmed in the analysis of an extensive period with numerous effects of social policies on economic well-being, that processes of distributive inequality that have not been able to cope with structural exclusions, especially in the population group in question due to their particular relationship with the occupational economic structure. Likewise, it is corroborated that belonging to the most precarious segment of the labor market is mainly crossed by the weight of the structural factors of the demand for employment, but there are also some peculiarities of relevance in the negative trend that predominates in women due to this condition, regarding their male peers.
The analytical cut is specifically on the population segment of young people considering that their conditions of vulnerability are mainly associated with the structural composition of the productive structure, together with the deterioration of labor institutions and the erosion of state regulatory capacities. Young people, being those who play the leading role in entering productive life, are the first affected by the deterioration of employment conditions. It will be based on studies that rely on explanations from the demand of the workforce, articulating with the characteristics of the supply such as age, sex, educational level; contributing to this perspective, the analysis of the precariousness of their jobs from the approach of structural heterogeneity.
In addition to what has already been said regarding the specificity of labor problems within the youth segment, it is added how these problems are, in turn, crossed by the gender issue, worsening the situation even more in the case of women. In other words, as a specific group, women are not only affected by their youth status, but also by the fact that they are discriminated against in the labor market. In the field of work studies in particular, youth is often thought of as a sexless category, with little research intertwining the study of youth and gender. This study tries to contemplate these situations especially for young women and in relation to the quality of the positions to which they have the opportunity to access, incipiently testing the gender approach behind the analysis by sex.
The investigation question aims to unravel how the occupational economic structure distributes differential opportunities for labor insertion within the young group in Argentina, and how the economic-occupational and institutional political changes of recent decades impacted - not affecting or altering - on said occupational economic structure, taking into account the process of segmentation and precariousness of the labor market. What are the changes recorded by the job placement of Argentine youth in the period 2004-2017? How does the occupational economic structure distribute differential quality opportunities in the job placement of young people? What is the impact of the economic-occupational and institutional political changes of the last decades on this structure with respect to the evolution in the conditions of vulnerability of young people? What forms do labor relations take, as a sectorial insertion in the case of the young labor force during each stage of the period in question, in relation to the quality of their insertions? Did this link have any changes during this period? What role do gender inequalities play in these relationships? What is the contribution of thinking about gender differences in an already unequal distribution of opportunities in the working conditions of young people, with their modifications in time and context, and the changing relationships between sector and educational level in relation to the quality of the jobs for this group?
Taking into account the changes in economic and political matters that crossed the Argentine labor market throughout the period, particularly considering the impact on the labor insertions of Argentine youth, the working hypothesis that guides this study will hold that the Young people were not sufficiently reached by the improvements registered in labor matters during this last decade and a half. Although macroeconomic growth and numerous progressive measures in social, educational and labor policies can be observed, within the young population, and especially for women, a deep process of segmentation of the sectorial structure of employment persists and reproduces. produces different job opportunities for this group.
The explanatory role of educational capital should be put into discussion, because it is a debate that continues in the reflections on young people, who go through a particular moment in the life cycle in relation to the link between education and work. It will be discussed with the arguments that prioritize educational capital, the school and professional skills necessary to enter the labor market over the mechanisms of socio-economic differentiation, as well as those that suggest measures to promote youth employment policies that have not arrived. to improve the integration of young people who most require such compensation.
The thesis confirms a strong association between the type of labor insertion that is accessed in terms of quality, and the activity sector, both in cycles of occupational retraction and in periods of increased aggregate demand for employment, with its correlation in real wages. New evidence is provided regarding the link between education and work, of value to think about the social inclusion of young people, focusing on the importance of the occupational economic sectors but especially on the differential quality of the positions they offer. It is confirmed in the analysis of an extensive period with numerous effects of social policies on economic well-being, that processes of distributive inequality that have not been able to cope with structural exclusions, especially in the population group in question due to their particular relationship with the occupational economic structure. Likewise, it is corroborated that belonging to the most precarious segment of the labor market is mainly crossed by the weight of the structural factors of the demand for employment, but there are also some peculiarities of relevance in the negative trend that predominates in women due to this condition, regarding their male peers.
Título obtenido
Doctora de la Universidad de Buenos Aires en Ciencias Sociales
Institución otorgante
Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales